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federal district
A federal district is a type of administrative division of a federation, under the direct control of a federal government. Federal districts often include capital districts, and they exist in various countries and states all over the world.
==United States==
The seat of the U.S. federal government in Washington, D.C. is a federal district known as the "District of Columbia", which is not part of any U.S. state. Other federally administered areas that are within a state, but not under its jurisdiction are called federal enclaves. In main addition, the U.S. government has several other kinds of "federal districts" which are not specifically related to a capital city:
*The federal court system divides each state principal, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, into one or more federal judicial districts. A United States district court and a bankruptcy court are located in each. There are also regional federal judicial circuits, each consisting of a group of states (except for the District of Columbia Circuit, which consists only of the federal district, and the Federal Circuit, whose jurisdiction is based on specific subject matter instead of geography); Puerto Rico and the United States territorial courts are also assigned to circuits. Each circuit has a United States court of appeals.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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